Major and Minor Scales

Understanding Scales

Scales are organized sequences of notes that form the foundation of melody and harmony. The two most common types of scales in Western music are major and minor scales. Each has its own unique pattern of whole steps and half steps that give it a distinctive sound.

The Major Scale

The major scale has a bright, stable sound. It follows a specific pattern of whole steps (W) and half steps (H): W-W-H-W-W-W-H. Let's look at the C major scale:

𝄞C4D4E4F4G4A4B4C5

The Minor Scale

The natural minor scale has a darker, more melancholic sound. Its pattern is: W-H-W-W-H-W-W. Here's the A minor scale:

𝄞A4B4C5D5E5F5G5A5

Interactive Practice

What is the next note in this C major scale?

𝄞C4

Which scale has a half step between its second and third notes?

𝄞A4B4C5

Daily Practice

Practice these exercises to master major and minor scales:

  • Play and sing the C major scale ascending and descending
  • Practice the A minor scale, focusing on the half steps
  • Compare the sound and feeling of major vs minor scales
  • Try to identify scales in your favorite songs